Melt deposition process

熔融沉积（FDM）工艺是将丝状的热塑性材料按特定温度融化，使材料始终保持液体状态，通过挤出头匀速挤出。在成型数据的控制下，有选择的沉积在工作平台上，沉积后立即冷却并固化成型。

Melt Deposition (FDM) process is the process of melting a filamentous thermoplastic material at a specific temperature, keeping the material in a liquid state at all times, and extruding it at a uniform speed through the extrusion head. Under the control of molding data, selectively deposit on the working platform, and immediately cool and solidify into shape after deposition.

立体光固化工艺

Stereoscopic curing process

立体光固化（SLA）工艺利用了光敏树脂的材料特性，即在一定波长和强度的紫外光束照射下可以实现从液态到固态的相变。紫外光束的运动轨迹通过成型数据来控制，在光敏树脂表面进行选择性的扫描，实现逐点固化成型。

The Stereoscopic Light Curing (SLA) process utilizes the material properties of photosensitive resins, which can achieve a phase transition from liquid to solid under a certain wavelength and intensity of ultraviolet beam irradiation. The movement trajectory of the ultraviolet beam is controlled through molding data, and selective scanning is carried out on the surface of the photosensitive resin to achieve point by point solidification molding.

三维印刷工艺

3D printing process

三维印刷（3DP）工艺的原理为粉末状材料在黏合剂的作用下的黏结成型。在工作平台上先铺一层粉末状材料，再使用喷嘴将黏合剂分布于需要成型的粉末区域，实现了粉末的黏合成型。

The principle of 3D printing (3DP) process is the bonding and forming of powdered materials under the action of adhesives. A layer of powdered material is first laid on the work platform, and then a nozzle is used to distribute the adhesive in the powder area that needs to be formed, achieving powder bonding and forming.

选择性激光烧结工艺

Selective laser sintering process

选择性激光烧结（SLS）工艺的原理为粉末状材料在激光烧结下的熔化结合。在工作平台上先铺一层接近熔点的粉末状材料，再使用激光在该层粉末上选择性的扫描，被扫描区域的粉末温度升高， 熔化后烧结成型。

The principle of selective laser sintering (SLS) process is the melting and bonding of powder materials under laser sintering. On the work platform, first lay a layer of powder like material close to the melting point, and then use laser to selectively scan the powder on this layer. The temperature of the powder in the scanned area increases, and it is melted and sintered into shape.

工艺要求

technological requirements

古典家具模型由于需要呈现经典家具器型的形态，有大量的曲面或者异形构件。因此，模型的制作对于整体形态的呈现要力求精确。同时， 模型表面要尽量光滑，体现制作工艺的美感。

Chinese classical furniture models have a large number of curved surfaces or irregular components due to the need to present the shape of classic furniture utensils. Therefore, the production of the model should strive for accuracy in presenting the overall form. At the same time, the surface of the model should be as smooth as possible to reflect the beauty of the production process.

古典家具模型的展示不光是“形态美”，更有其“结构美”。作为古典家具精髓的榫卯结构需要特别展示，模型设计要求为包含榫卯结构的可拆装形式。可拆装的榫卯结构对构件的机械性能提出较高的要求。

The display of Chinese classical furniture models is not only about "form beauty", but also about "structural beauty". As the essence of Chinese classical furniture, the mortise and tenon structure needs to be specially displayed, and the model design requires a detachable form that includes the mortise and tenon structure. The detachable mortise and tenon structure requires high mechanical performance of components.

四种快速成型工艺的对比

Comparison of Four Rapid Prototyping Processes

根据古典家具模型的制作工艺要求，对4 种主要快速成型工艺进行试制试验，初步筛选适合本次模型制作的快速成型工艺。

According to the production process requirements of Chinese classical furniture models, trial production experiments were conducted on four main rapid prototyping processes to preliminarily select the suitable rapid prototyping processes for this model production.

选取明式圈椅模型中的背板作为试件，通过对背板的试制，对比制作效果、制作时间、制作成本、表面质量和机械性能等5 个要素

Select the back panel from the Ming style circular chair model as the test piece, and compare the production effect, production time, production cost, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the back panel through trial production

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