作为一项快速发展的技术，快速成型技术被广泛应用于生产的诸多领域，而该技术在家具生产中流行的成果就是3D打印家具。为了让大家更好的了解快速成型的种类和原理，我们以家具模型的制作为例，看看它的技术特点，展望未来的家具制作。

As a rapidly developing advanced technology, rapid prototyping technology is widely used in many fields of production, and the popular result of this technology in furniture production is 3D printing furniture. In order to let you better understand the types and principles of rapid prototyping, we take the production of classical furniture model as an example to see its technical characteristics and look forward to the future furniture production.

快速成型技术又称快速成型技术，诞生于1980年代后期，多年来被认为是制造领域的一项重大成就。它集机械工程、CAD、逆向工程技术、分层制造技术、数控技术、材料科学、激光技术于一体。它可以自动、直接、快速、准确地将设计思想转化为具有一定功能的原型或直接制造零件，从而为零件的原型制作和新设计思想的验证提供一种、低成本的实现方法。

Rapid prototyping technology, also known as rapid prototyping technology, was born in the late 1980s and has been considered as a major achievement in the manufacturing field for many years. It integrates mechanical engineering, CAD, reverse engineering technology, layered manufacturing technology, numerical control technology, material science and laser technology. It can automatically, directly, quickly and accurately transform the design idea into a prototype with certain functions or directly manufacture parts, so as to provide an efficient and low-cost implementation method for the prototyping of parts and the verification of new design ideas.

根据成型原理和成型材料的不同，目前设计制造过程中使用的山东快速成型工艺可分为以下四种：

According to the different forming principles and materials, Shandong rapid prototyping process used in the current design and manufacturing process can be divided into the following four types:

1.熔融沉积工艺

1. Melting deposition process

熔融沉积（FDM）工艺是将丝状热塑性材料在特定温度下熔化，使材料保持液态，并通过挤出头以恒定速度挤出。在成型数据的控制下，在工作平台上进行选择性沉积，沉积后立即冷却固化。

Melt deposition (FDM) process is to melt the filiform thermoplastic material at a specific temperature to keep the material liquid and extrude it at a constant speed through the extrusion head. Under the control of molding data, selective deposition is carried out on the working platform, and immediately after deposition, it is cooled and solidified.

2.立体光固化工艺

2. Stereoscopic light curing process

立体光固化（SLA）工艺是利用光敏树脂的材料特性，即在一定波长和强度的紫外光束照射下，可以实现从液态到固态的相变。紫外光束的运动轨迹由成型数据控制，选择性扫描感光树脂表面，实现逐点固化成型。

Stereolithography (SLA) process uses the material properties of photosensitive resin, that is, under the irradiation of UV light with a certain wavelength and intensity, it can realize the phase transition from liquid to solid. The trajectory of the UV beam is controlled by the molding data, and the photosensitive resin surface is selectively scanned to realize point by point curing molding.

3.3D打印工艺

3.3D printing process

三维打印（3DP）工艺的原理是粉末材料在粘合剂的作用下粘合成型。先在工作台上铺一层粉料，然后用喷嘴将粘合剂分布到需要成型的粉料区域，从而实现粉料的粘合成型。

The principle of three-dimensional printing (3DP) process is that powder materials are bonded and formed under the action of adhesives. First lay a layer of powder on the workbench, and then use the nozzle to distribute the adhesive to the powder area that needs to be formed, so as to realize the bonding and forming of powder.

4.选择性激光烧结工艺

4. Selective laser sintering process

选择性激光烧结（SLS）工艺的原理是粉末材料在激光烧结下的熔合。先在工作台上铺一层接近熔点的粉状材料，然后用激光对这层粉进行选择性扫描。

The principle of selective laser sintering (SLS) process is the fusion of powder materials under laser sintering. First, lay a layer of powdery material close to the melting point on the workbench, and then selectively scan this layer of powder with a laser.

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