快速成型属于离散/堆积成型。它从成型原理上提出一个全新的思维模式，即将计算机上制作的零件三维模型，进行网格化处理并存储，对其进行分层处理，得到各层截面的二维轮廓信息，按照这些轮廓信息自动生成加工路径，由成型头在控制系统的控制下，选择性地固化或切割一层层的成型材料，形成各个截面轮廓薄片，并逐步顺序叠加成三维坯件，然后进行坯件的后处理，形成零件。

Rapid prototyping belongs to discrete/stacked prototyping. It puts forward a new thinking mode from the molding principle, that is, the three-dimensional model of the part made on the computer is gridded and stored, and layered to obtain the two-dimensional profile information of each layer of section. According to the profile information, the processing path is automatically generated. Under the control of the control system, the molding head selectively solidifies or cuts layers of molding materials to form each profile slice, And gradually superimpose into three-dimensional blanks, and then conduct post-processing of blanks to form parts.

山东快速成型工艺过程：

Shandong rapid prototyping process:

(1)产品三维模型的构建。由于RP系统是由三维CAD模型直接驱动，因此要构建所加工工件的三维CAD模型。该三维CAD模型可以利用计算机辅助设计软件（如Pro/E，I-DEAS，SolidWorks，NX等）直接构建，也可以将已有产品的二维图样进行转换而形成三维模型，或对产品实体进行激光扫描、CT断层扫描，得到点云数据，然后利用反求工程的方法来构造三维模型。

(1) Construction of 3D model of products. Since RP system is directly driven by 3D CAD model, the 3D CAD model of the workpiece to be machined must be constructed first. The 3D CAD model can be directly built by using computer aided design software (such as Pro/E, I-DEAS, SolidWorks, NX, etc.), or the 2D drawings of existing products can be converted to form a 3D model, or the product entity can be scanned by laser and CT to obtain point cloud data, and then the 3D model can be constructed by using reverse engineering methods.

(2)三维模型的近似处理。由于产品往往有一些不规则的自由曲面，加工前要对模型进行近似处理，以方便后续的数据处理工作。由于STL格式文件格式简单、实用，目前已经成为快速成型领域的准标准接口文件。

(2) Approximate processing of 3D models. Because the product often has some irregular free surfaces, the model should be approximated before processing to facilitate the subsequent data processing. Because STL format file format is simple and practical, it has become a quasi standard interface file in rapid prototyping field.

(3)三维模型的切片处理。根据被加工模型的特征选择合适的加工方向，在成型高度方向上用一系列一定间隔的平面切割近似后的模型，以便提取截面的轮廓信息。间隔一般取0.05mm～0.5mm，常用0.1mm。间隔越小，成型精度越高，但成型时间也越长，效率就越低，反之则精度低，但效率高。

(3) Slicing of 3D models. Select the appropriate processing direction according to the features of the model to be processed, and cut the approximate model with a series of planes at a certain interval in the molding height direction, so as to extract the profile information of the section. The interval is generally 0.05mm ～ 0.5mm, usually 0.1mm. The smaller the spacing is, the higher the molding precision is. However, the longer the molding time is, the lower the efficiency is. On the contrary, the precision is low, but the efficiency is high.

(4)成型加工。根据切片处理的截面轮廓，在计算机控制下，相应的成型头（激光头或喷头）按各截面轮廓

(4) Forming processing. According to the section profile processed by slicing, under the control of computer, the corresponding forming head (laser head or nozzle) shall follow each section profile

(5)成型零件的后处理。从成型系统里取出成型件，进行打磨、抛光，或放在高温炉中进行后烧结，进一步提高其强度。

(5) Post treatment of formed parts. The molded parts are taken out of the molding system, polished, or sintered in a high temperature furnace to further improve their strength.

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